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Rivers
In Kurgan region there are more than four hundred rivers. The majority of them are short. 323 rivers have the length up to 10 kilometers, 106 - from 10 to 200 kilometers. They belong to the basin of Kara Sea. The main water-way is the Tobol, which crosses the region from the south to the north. It originates in Kazakhstan (Kustanay area), on the length of 441 kilometers it bears its waters within the borders of our region, and further it flows in the Irtish and the Kara-Ob basin. The area of the Tobol's basin is 441 thousand square kilometersþ
The Tobol is a typical plain river with a slow stream (0.5-0.4 meters per second), changeable water regime: in spring it overflows widely and floods plains with all numerous former river-beds, in summer the Tobol grows shallow, forming rifts and sand spits.
The second-largest river is the Iset, which springs from the mountain lake Isetskoe (Sverdlovsk region), flows in the northwest part of the region and runs into the Tobol, receiving numerous tributaries. The Iset's length on the Kurgan region territory is 284 kilometers
Lkes and swamps
It is lakes District. Lakes in Kurgan region occupy more than 5 % of the territory. There are more than three thousand lakes, 3/4 of them are fresh. About 400 lakes are relatively large.
Lakes without drainage dominate in Kurgan region. It is connected with the subsidence processes, presence of young and mellow layers and weak surface drainage.
On the Tobol's left bank there are water-meadow lakes. They were formed as a result of loss of contact with the main channel. They have no distinct outlines. The large succession of saline lakes is stretched on narrows of the Kizak and the Suer.
The lakes are supplied by snow and partially by rainwaters. It explains the large variability of their water mirror.
Besides fresh lakes in Kurgan region there are numerous saline and alkaline lakes.
There are a lot of swamps in Kurgan region, which occupy 5.8 % of the territory. These are abundantly humidified plots of land with poor gaseous exchange and presence of a peat layer. Low-lying swamps dominate in the region. The majority of swamps is situated in the northern districts of the region - in Mokrousovo and Shatrovo. The majority of swamps is hardly used.
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